PJ 70
CHAPTER 15

REC #1 HATONN

SUN., JUNE 6, 1993 9:21 A.M. YEAR 6, DAY 294

SUN, JUNE 6, 1993

STOP DENYING

Readers, it is your God-given privilege to think anything you desire and choose to think.
I offer what we can to give you in­sight--good or bad in your perception. I have no intention of changing that approach. You continue to want "proof" of "me". Why?? Do you go forth and demand "proof" of, say, Vince Ryan? Do you demand "proof" of Kissinger? How many of you have ever actually seen Henry Kissinger? Stop this non­sense. If you can have some help to see and expect what is go­ing on, especially when it can kill you and the population of your world--is it not worthy enough to TRY some of the suggestions? The suggestions can only give you improved health and well-being--but without some of them in action, you might very well perish. Which seems the wiser approach to "my" identity? If it were to be my "secretary" with all of this won­drous Truth and advice would you not rush to her door for more? Your denial is going to cost you and those you dump your load of denial upon their very lives in some instances.

How can you realize that our information is valid? Well, you can begin by generalizing and connecting bits and pieces of in­formation GIVEN you. Not from me--from your corrupted me­dia. Even in the face of the lies you can find the TRUTH but you have to be on top of it every minute! So, let us look, for in­stance, at that which faces you with this "new mystery disease".

Today they say that they know now that it is a type of "Asian" flu (whatever that means). They now speculate that a bumper crop of pinion nuts may have caused increased population of rodents in the New Mexico area. But--nobody even suggests pinion nuts carry the disease, so, so-what?

Now go back only a week or so and what were they telling you? "Get vaccinated for an epidemic outbreak of an untreatable strain of Beijing (Asian) flu". When?? The vaccinations will begin in September (?? -4 months ahead??). How could your Centers for Disease Control and the World Health Organiza­tion KNOW that there is GOING TO BE this massive epi­demic of Asian flu?? (Do "I" still look so stupid?)
Today they say that there are no newly reported victims--"...but we know there will be more"! Why? How? Who knows and why do they KNOW?

Now turn to AIDS--as the report this morning says that there are millions of new cases breaking out in non-suspect groups, so a re-look at how AIDS is spread is now mandatory. Ah ha! Could it be they have lied to you about spread and everything else? Next they said that there will be 30--60 MILLION cases of AIDS by year 2000! So what does this have to do with any­thing?

Healthy YOUNG people are dropping dead within 48 hours from this "mystery disease"! How many active AIDS "victims" do you think will survive a disease of this caliber of killing potential? An AIDS victim has trouble surviving a bad cold! If you cannot see it, students, then there is little hope of changing the tidal wave headed your way. And, in addition, you have mindless, programmed robotic beings doing this to you.
DENY me all you wish--but I suggest you study this material we offer--very, very carefully and DO SOMETHING!
So, then, why don't we tell it all? We try! BUT, we are thou­sands and thousands of dollars in debt, less than ten people do almost all the work on this paper, Dharma does all but a few articles ALONE and we can't cover it all. The staff is working toward a "DAILY" paper with contributing writers but there is no way at present to do any such thing--this is less than a shoestring operation and we face DAILY new assaults by ones who literally worked with us and now work harder against us. YOU DENY THE WRONG TROOPS!

You have served, however, for eons to reach THIS POINT OF POTENTIAL. YOU CAN NOW BIRTH A FREE NATION UNDER THE CONSTITUTIONAL LAWS OF YOUR OWN LAND--IF YOU WANT TO--AND LEAVE THE CORRUP­TION AND MONEY GRUBBING TO THOSE WHO CHOOSE TO LIVE WITH EVIL INCORPORATION AND THEY SHALL DESTROY THEMSELVES IN TIME.
But will there be enough left to do such a thing? Yes, because massive numbers of those who just "want" for their tiny little personal greed and/or life-style at the expense of everyone else--will not be around! The adversary sets his hounds upon the ne­farious of your society and will destroy them. You who attend your purpose and demand moral and just interaction will not be harmed. In other words, when the angel of death passes your house the protection you have taken will cause him to pass-over! Remember, Dr. Nostradamus DID NOT die of Plague. GOD WILL ALWAYS SHOW YOU "THE" WAY IF YOU BUT LOOK--AND USE IT. Now, for you parents who have no control over your children--I don't care, for instance, whether or not "Andy" LIKES Gaiandriana and Mo-gu tea--he takes it! If you parents can't get discipline over your children--THEY WILL PERISH and YOU will be responsible. Some will be lost anyway in transition--but YOU are responsible for giving them whatever help you can offer.

CONTACT SPORTS
YOU are also going to teach them moral responsibility--BE­CAUSE THIS NEW "BUG" IS ALSO GOING TO BE TRANSMITTED IN THE BLOOD TO BLOOD, MEMBRANE TO MEMBRANE CONTACT. THAT MAKES IT ANOTHER AIDS-DEFINED DISEASE AS WELL AS SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED--MOSTLY VIA THE INTESTINAL TRACT AND EASILY TRANSMITTED THROUGH ANAL INTERCOURSE AND/OR MOUTH TO ANAL CONTACT. THEY HAVE REALLY BIRTHED A NEW DEATH UPON YOU!

The ability to avoid infection or at least lethal infection is going to remain WITHIN each individual person and in the quality of the individual immune system--not vaccines--and at this time the antibiotics they will use will not kill the bug. Oh yes, combina­tions of the antibiotics already around will kill the bug--BUT THEY WON'T USE THEM! High level doses injected of aqueous penicillin would heal most AIDS victims--but they didn't allow usage. They tried penicillin but only in an emulsion base which could not penetrate the membranes of the infected cells. There are all sorts of ways, students, to make sure you DIE!

These "new bugs" are manufactured and present a very high frequency vibration pattern--
IT IS GOING TO REQUIRE A HIGHER FREQUENCY VIBRATION PATTERN TO DESTROY THEM--YOU ARE NOW MOVED INTO THE TIME OF "LIGHT" WARFARE!

For you who are just finding our work and write constantly that you "will believe and/or...." whatever, I thank you but no-thank you. I am not in the business of individual hand-holding and pleading with you to see anything. If you want to save your own assets and those of your neighbor then you will stop your ridiculous "searching" and get busy--you are NOT GOING TO PHYSICALLY ASCEND FROM INCENSE STICKS AND PURPLE SHIRTS! There is no church (cult) which will magi­cally save you and no mystical space-cadets who are going to whisk you away, or "Saviors" to snatch you in your immoral form away to clouds--you have been lied to and the promises of "man"-caused transition salvation will not save your physical form.

Will that which is needed be available to everyone? No, be­cause YOU WOULDN'T LISTEN AND CONTINUED TO DESTROY THE MESSENGERS! Further, I am not interested in proving anything to YOU, YOU or YOU. You are "welcome aboard" if you are ready to go by the rules of God and march to the OLD DRUMMER OF MORAL FREEDOM--NO MORE AND NO LESS. But remember, friends, GOD, NOR WE, FORCE A THING UPON YOU--BUT WE DO HAVE RIGHT OF REQUIREMENTS FOR PASSAGE IF YOU COME WITH US FOR NONE OF YOUR EVIL PRACTICES WILT. BE BROUGHT INTO THE KINGDOM OF TRUTH WHEREIN EACH SOUL IS SOVEREIGN.

SHARE THE INFORMATION
Please, let us turn to other things as we need to now catch the readers up to date on the Weaver-Harris trial. We may well not offer "every day" of this hearing because so much is coming down, for instance in Waco, that we cannot devote space to ALL reports. We do offer what we can and honor those people, specifically Jerry White, for his constant ongoing updates and Kenneth Vardon of APFN for never missing an important FAX message. It is through this kind of sharing and support (ever how much or little you CAN) that you can and will prevail--but it is going to take UNITY and it is going to require focus and not derisiveness and fragmentation. You need a stream of in­formation resource. There are good news outlets but it is under­stood that you citizens under every kind of fire cannot afford them all nor will most allow enough time to focus on them all. It is assumed by your adversary that you will NOT become fully informed--so we all who would serve, simply present that which we can and the rest remains up to you. May God bless your ef­forts for the way will be shown--it does not mean that it will be easy AND NOBODY CAN OR WILL DO IT FOR YOU!

You have to realize something for when others, for instance the CONTACT or the Fax Network present information and publish--it is COSTLY beyond your realization unless you are involved. Most have no homes left, no security, are under continual as­sault from EVERY direction and greedy scoundrel and--just be­cause the product appears "professional"--does not mean re­sources are available other than the sweat of the brow and the full-time around-the-clock dedication of those involved. They do not mind criticism and everyone is welcome to their individ­ual opinion--but do not expect them to stop what they are doing and attend YOUR OBJECTIONS when mostly they come from ones with almost no knowledge other than one or two issues of the paper. YOU CANNOT BASE ANYTHING ON SO LIT­TLE KNOWLEDGE!

You who share information are THE ONES who keep the in­formation flow current and flowing and we use everything for which we have space. Remember, too, that thousands of seem­ingly priceless and urgent pieces of information and mail flow weekly and, yet, I cannot allow you to believe you can make a transition into higher life with only the knowledged awakening into Truth--YOU HAVE TO ACT AND YOU HAVE TO ACT CORRECTLY IF YOU ARE TO PREVAIL. SO BE IT.

UPDATE: OUAKES, UKRAINE, GOLD
You will have to take note that while all these other blasts against you are taking place, the "ring of fire" circumference is being broken loose for a massive slippage--BAD NEWS!
You must also, in America, realize that the little quake on the Min­nesota/Dakota border was relevant and applicable to the New Madrid fault system--so simply KNOW that the world is still in flux and constant motion.

To the Russian side of the coin--note that the Ukraine is holding on to its nuclear arsenal at all costs--also remember, the Gold Certificate which can break the banks of the world and about caused collapse of same, is offered for threat--from the Ukraine. Bentsen, Sec. of Treasury, just went to Moscow and met with Yeltsin--WHY? Also KNOW that Bentsen is about the most powerful man on your political scene right now--AND IS PAID BY THE INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND! These are PROVEN and confirmed FACTS!

We offer what we have and are given; we appreciate your input and even your arguments
--but we are swamped! We will do what we can to update and point out that which you are missing--but it is ALL that we can do. I WALK WITH THE CHRISTED BEING YOU AWAIT--SO ARGUING ABOUT HIM IS OF LITTLE VALUE TO ME AND WILL PROVE TO BE OF NO VALUE, IN A POSITIVE MODE, TO YOU. YOU ARE MOST SURELY WELCOME TO LISTEN TO AND BELIEVE ANYTHING YOU WISH--BUT SO FAR YOUR WAY HAS NOT WORKED! HOLD THAT IN YOUR HEARTS.

RANDY WEAVER/KEVIN HARRIS TRIAL
DAY 32
Jerry White: (Boise, Idaho)... Dick Rogers FBI special agent was on the witness stand again today, being questioned by Gerry Spence. Rogers said that the hostage negotiator was Fred Lancely. He was also a profiler and worked in behavioral sci­ence. Lancely told Rogers that Randy was paranoid. When asked who the minister was that "Bo" Gritz took to the Weaver cabin, he didn't recall. Spence asked if the reason that Randy would talk to Bo wasn't because Bo was the only person that had ever treated him like a human being. Rogers told Bo to tell Randy that if Kevin died then Randy would be charged with murder. Rogers said that in 5 1/2 hours of briefing on the plane, that Smith did not tell him about Sammy being shot.

These deadly force rules that Rogers put into effect had never been used before in the three years that he had commanded the team. Spence asked Rogers if they had used these rules at Waco. Rogers and Spence then got into an argument about Waco and the Judge ordered that Waco not be mentioned again.

Rogers said it was reported that unintelligible female screams had been heard for about 30 second after Horiuchi shot at Kevin. That in reality was when he had shot Vicki. Rogers said he had no concern about any state laws, that he was oper­ating in accordance with FBI guidelines that were covered in the U.S. codes. Spence asked him which codes covered him ig­noring state laws and taking the law into his own hands. He didn't know.

Lon Horiuchi was the next witness. He is a West Point graduate. After graduating from West Point, he spent 8 years in the military. When they called him, the court had to be recessed for ten minutes while they went after him, as he is so closely guarded.

All of the halls are full of FBI agents and marshals, almost shoulder to shoulder. With little packs hanging on their shoul­ders, about the size of an Uzi. Nobody thinks that the packs contain a pair of clean socks.

Horiuchi was in the assault team of the HRT (Hostage Rescue Team) for 4 years and then volunteered for the sniper team al­most 4 years ago.

Horiuchi said that he enjoyed his work. He had fired thousands of rounds at moving targets. His 10 power scope had "milli-dots" to figure the lead of a moving target. One dot behind cross hair is 9 to 12 inches of lead. He said that when he shot Randy, he didn't know who it was, but was a male with his backtoward him. [H: Anybody sick yet? Then you must already be DEAD?]
When he went to his sniper site, he carried a Remington model 700 with a special barrel and a 10 power scope. He also had an M14 so he could have sufficient firepower, as the sniper rifle is a single shot bolt action. All of the snipers were armed in that way.

The door of the Weaver cabin that had been removed was brought into the courtroom to show the bullet hole through the window made by the bullet that killed Vicki.

Horiuchi stated that it is FBI rules for any weapon used to kill somebody to be taken into custody as evidence. His never was. He took it from Ruby Ridge with him to Spokane, then to Quantico, Virginia and has had custody of it ever since.

Spence asked if he couldn't have fired a warning shot. He said the FBI never fires warning shots. The FBI only shoots to kill. He stated that his eyes are better than 20-20. He also stated that he had hit a 1/4 inch target at 200 meters (220 yards) every time. He said he knew that Randy was alleged to be a white separatist.

While on the assault team they were taught to break down doors and invade a house with sub-machine guns and/or pistols.

Gerry Spence will still be questioning him tomorrow.

* * *
Anyone see the pattern emerging? There is no intent to have "justice". This is show-and-tell of the most important kind--the TOTAL CONTROL OVER YOU-THE-PEOPLE AND DON'T YOU DARE FORGET IT!

Is the only reason my crew stays alive because of me? No, no and no--it is because we are also telling you-the-people how totally powerful this bunch of robotized criminals ARE. They may even let you good patriots have a corner of America if you mind your business--and they need, as badly as you do, information given out to you. They are not inter­ested in blasting away every living soul--just the ones they don't want!
So why are we allowed to continue when we also tell people what to do to change this thing? THEY KNOW THAT THE AVERAGE CITIZEN WILL DO NOTHING! THEY ALSO ASSUME THAT ONES WHO DO WILL NOT DO THE RIGHT THING TO BRING ANY THREAT WHATSOEVER BUT RATHER GET THE WHOLE BUNCH WITH THEM--KILLED. YOU WILL NOT WIN THIS BATTLE WITH GUNS, MY FRIENDS, NOR MASSIVE REBEL­LION OF PHYSICAL KIND. MAY YOU COME INTO REALIZATION OF THOSE FACTS.
RANDY WEAVER/KEVIN HARRIS TRIAL
DAY 33
Jerry White: (Boise, Idaho) Lon Horiuchi, FBI sniper, continued to be on the witness stand again today. He testified that he never saw a gun in Randy's hand but shot him anyway, in the back. He said he aimed at his spine just below the neck, but Randy moved just as he pulled the trigger and he only wounded him.

He testified that he wanted to kill all of the adult males on the mountain, but especially to kill Kevin. He had been told that Vicki was the most radical up there at their briefing. Both times that he shot, he thought that he was shooting at Kevin. Spence had Randy and Kevin stand up. There is about 4 inches differ­ence in their height.

He was the team leader of the snipers and the plan was to get all adults outside and kill them all at once. He said that when he fired, he expected that there would be 9 shots. He thought that all of them would fire as planned. He testified that he had his cross hair on the door when he fired and the mill dot on what he believed to be Kevin. He wouldn't admit that the point of im­pact would be where the cross hairs were. The fact was, he hit right where aimed.

He said he saw that the door was open and that possibly some­one was behind it holding it open, but he shot anyway, killing Vicki. He even said that Kevin had his arm extended like he might be pushing someone out of the way as he was going in the door, but he shot the door anyway. As soon as he shot the door, he radioed the command post and reported hearing a female scream for about 30 seconds after he shot through the door, but no one was concerned about it.

At his first briefing, he was told that the marshals were still pinned down, when in fact, they hadn't been for 24 hours.

He testified that he saw Kevin flinch as he shot. When the scene was reenacted in the position Kevin would have had to be in to get shot as he had, he couldn't see the lawyer behind the door at all.

There is no way this creature could be considered a HUMAN. No matter what the question or answer, he never once changed his expression or tone of voice.

Next was the autopsy reports and pictures of Degan, Sammy and Vicki. I will skip the details as the pictures and the rest are not something I would want to report on.

Gerry Spence tried to stipulate to all of them without showing them, but the prosecutor wouldn't hear of it.

When it came to Vicki, Gerry Spence asked the Judge to tell the Jury that if they didn't
want to look, that they were not required to. The Judge advised them that it was up to them.
I noticed most of the women looked down instead of at the T.V. The only thing I will report is that the doctor said that they all died instantly, in his opinion.

Wayne Hall, Forensic Expert, was the next witness. He was called in to waste 35 minutes explaining how he thought a bullet made a hole through the window pane. He was released and the afternoon recess called.

Before the recess was over, Spence asked the Judge to come in without the Jury. He was really upset and told the Judge that almost before Horiuchi got out of sight, being guarded and es­corted by half the FBI, that he (Spence) was handed 1 1/2 inches of documents that he should have had many weeks ago. He stated that if this was the first time something like this had hap­pened he wouldn't be bothered, but there had been a pattern of this ever since the trial started. They were handwritten notes of Horiuchi's, a charge explaining how the point of impact of a bullet would be where the cross hairs were, made by Horiuchi, a point that he wouldn't give a straight answer about. There were also many more documents. Spence asked the Judge to look at them and then introduce them as exhibits and asked for them back to study over the weekend. The prosecution alibied that he had just received them as they had been sent by the FBI fourth class mail and it had taken 2 full weeks for them to get to his office. Spence said the 6th amendment rights of his client had been violated. Spence said that everyone knew that this wasn't an isolated incident of misconduct by the prosecutors.

He said that since the FBI was the only investigators and the only way for the defense to get evidence was through them, that the FBI and the prosecutor had conspired about this case. He said that the FBI and the U.S. Attorney's office were one and the same as they were the government and intent on winning this case.

He stated that he had done what was required of him to report the misconduct, now he was asking the court to give him until Monday to file motions for dismissal or what he thought would be proper.

The Judge granted his request, and said that he too was very up­set. He said that the withholding of evidence appeared to be a pattern in this case. He said the Brady rule allows the court to impose sanctions of dismissal, monetary damages, etc.

He said an investigation must be made as to why this keeps hap­pening. He said that it was poor judgment of the Government, but that he probably wouldn't dismiss.

He would reserve his ruling until Monday.

Court recessed an hour early.

More on Monday.

Please note: As reported by Jerry White, resident of Las Vegas, Jerry has offered to go and stay in Idaho for the entire trial and send (Fax) back daily reports to KEEP AMERICA FREE and the AMERICAN PATRIOT FAX NETWORK so that we may update as many individuals and media as possible. Our only concern is getting as much truth to as many people as possible.

The cost of Faxing long distance is enormous for the American Patriot Fax Network. If you enjoy and appreciate the work that Ken goes to for you to continue to get daily updates of these events and those of Waco, please drop him a letter or fax showing that gratitude. If you would like to express your grati­tude in the form of a donation, please send them to American Patriot Fax Network, 3790 Hazelwood, #11, Las Vegas, Nevada 89119. Signed: Dianne (Keep America Free).

* * *
Or if you want to help, the CONTACT will accommodate your contributions. The CONTACT just paid the last phone bill amounting to almost $2,000 to keep the lines open. Let us not allow this fine resource to fold.

Note what is being set up in the scenario above. There is no intent at "justice" under ANY circumstances. The best that can possibly happen is dismissal of the case. There will never be justice or further discipline of any kind if there is a dismissal--the case will simply be "over". YOU ARE CONFRONTING EXACTING ROBOTIC DEATH SQUADS, AMERICANS, AND THE SOONER YOU REALIZE THE TRUTH OF IT, THE LONGER YOU WILL SURVIVE TO HOPEFULLY CAUSE CHANGE ANOTHER DAY. Will one Randy Weaver even become a good "martyr"? Certainly not--for he was set up "with charges against him which were neither patriotic nor Godly" and he will not be a notable martyr--only an agonized and defeated man. Can he organize other groups into subver­sion? Possibly, but how long do you think "they" would last against myriads of Hariuchis? (???) I warn you again, citizens--you CANNOT WIN BY THE WAY OF THE GUN! THERE ARE STILL NUCLEAR WEAPONS AIMED AT YOU AND NOW BEING PARTIALLY REDIRECTED TOWARD RUS­SIA--RIGHT FROM THE UKRAINE. No indeed, if you are to prevail--IT WILL BE THROUGH HONEST INTENT TO­WARD FREEDOM--THROUGH THE PEN AND THE WILL OF GODLY MANKIND--NOT BY THE SWORD!






PJ 70
CHAPTER 16

REC #2 HATONN

MON., JUNE 7, 1993 9:04 A.M. YEAR 6, DAY 295

MON, JUNE 7, 1993

BACK TO WORKIN' ON THE TRAILROAD
We aren't going to give "catch-ups" in this story except one lin­ers: i.e.: Everybody lives on leased land in the United States of America (and everywhere else where there are railroads). This means that these are 99 year leases coming up for renewal be­tween 1993 - 1995 WITH ALL TAXES DUE AND OWING FROM THE PAST 99 Yrs. This is THE land grab of the generations of time, readers. I can't take time to update with each chapter entry so you will have to get back issues or wait for the full story until the book is put in order for press. EVERYTHING IS OWNED BY THE SAME ELITE PERSONAGES AND FAMILIES AND THIS WILL TAKE NOT ONLY YOUR AND BUT EVERY "IMPROVEMENT" (HOUSE, ETC..) WITH IT! IT MAKES THE RTC LOOK LIKE THE THING THEY ARE-THE PROCESSORS.

So to move on in continuation: YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT THE RAILROAD LEASES.

BOOM TIME
The fact that the plank and railroads were the largest contrib­utor to the development of The United States of America can hardly be disputed. No country went so far so fast. This is clearly shown by the fact that by the end of 1828, six short months after the Stourbridge Lion ran, there were more than two thousand eight hundred miles of plank roads and railroads laid in the Eastern U.S.

By far the largest contribution to this and subsequent "Boom and progress" came from Congress itself. The plank road companies, and the builders of the plank roads, managed to convince Congress that, in order to build and run the roads, land was needed, and in large quantities.

The plank road companies could not be expected to run their roads over someone else's land, it had to be their own, or they could obviously not guarantee their ability to keep the lines open; the "landlord" might throw them off his land. Congress, recognizing the importance of the railroads, granted the compa­nies all the land they needed, from one hundred to two hundred feet each side of the center line of the road bed, wherever the road went. The company got to decide where they wanted to go. Every time twenty miles of plank road was completed, Congress gave over that twenty mile strip to the company. Where the Company crossed land which had already been set­tled, and thereby already belonged to someone, they had the ability to buy it from the owner, or they could buy the right of way over the land. The road companies seldom exercised their ability to buy a right of way over somebody's land in the begin­ning, because Congress also gave them the power to condemn the land and force the owner, legally, to sell it to the railroad.

Next the companies needed timber for cross-ties and planks in order to build the road, as well as maintain it thereafter. They also needed wood for fueling the engines. The companies would therefore need a great deal of timber, so, in order to make sure the railroad companies had all the wood they needed to build both the plank road and fuel the engines, Congress granted the railroad companies every other odd numbered square mile each side of the center line of the road bed for vari­ous widths, depending on how many miles on each side of the center line of the road bed and, again, the land was granted upon completion of each twenty mile strip of plank road.

In addition to being granted the land, the companies also had the power to buy the sections (square miles) which had not been granted to them by Congress. The land was granted to the companies in widths between three and forty miles each side of the center line of the road bed.

In order to comprehend the amount of land granted to the companies for the construction of the plank and railroads, and assuming the land was to be granted out to ten miles on each side of the center line of the railroad bed, to a total area of four hundred square miles (20x20), with the odd numbered sections represented by " " and assuming the lines were built in north/south Directions, then for every twenty miles of road bed constructed, the odd numbered sections of land given to the company (represented in the diagram by " ") would be as fol­lows:

But that is only forty (40) square miles; there are still a lot of square miles of land for the taking. If another railroad was built to make a cross-roads, then every other odd numbered section (square mile) again could be captured:

Another 35 square miles, total now is 75 square miles; but that is definitely doing things the hard (and expensive) way, it takes two steps, one vertical, (north/south) run, and one hori­zontal (east/west) run, amounting to 40 miles of trackage. The same thing can be achieved with one 28 mile line run diago­nally, south west to north east, as follows:
and if you now run another line across the same area from north west to south east


The next step for the railroads, in the situation where Congress was granting land ten miles each side of the railroad, was to build parallel railroad lines ten miles apart and you then (you, the railroad company) control every square mile of land wherever your tracks go. If the grants were for fifteen miles each side of the line, then build lines fifteen miles apart, and so on.
From the start of the railroads in 1828, to the start of the Civil War in 1861, every state in the Union east of the Missis­sippi, and the states of Louisiana, Arkansas, Missouri, Iowa and Minnesota on the western side of the Mississippi, all contained extensive railroad systems.

The grants of land to the railroad companies, and therefore, for the most part, to the railroad construction companies, were extensive, with the Northern (Union) states receiving the fol­lowing certification as to the amounts of land they were to re­ceive by June 30, in the year 1868:

State Acres
Illinois 2,595.053
Missouri 1,715,434
Iowa 2.770,700
Michigan 2,715,399
Wisconsin 1,528,480
Minnesota 2,315,292
________________________
Total Acreage 13,640.358
or, 21,314 square miles, which excludes the land allocation for the Union states of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Con­necticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Delaware, West Virginia, Ohio, Indi­ana and Kentucky; and the following Southern states received allocations of acreage for:
State Acres
Alabama 2,288,134
Mississippi 908,680
Louisiana 1,072,404
Arkansas 2,512,359
Florida 1,760,467
_____________________________
Total Acreage 8,542,044

or, 13,347 square miles, which figure excludes those lands granted to the Southern states of Virginia, Tennessee, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas and Georgia.

The land granted to the individual states was, of course, turned over by those states to the respective railroads, which, as mentioned earlier, had previously mortgaged those lands to rail­road construction companies.

On page 308 [not yet available] is a map which shows the total amount of land which was granted by Congress to the vari­ous states for transfer to the railroad companies. It is interesting to note that the railway grants up to 1871 are shown, not there­after, and that the area as shown in black represents 131 million acres of land. The land granted to Michigan (2,715,399 acres) is not shown; Texas, where a couple of railways eventually claimed some small portion of its land is not shown, and the re­maining Eastern States, where the saturation of railways would claim a large amount of land (probably about one third), is also not shown. Notwithstanding these shortfalls, the total amount shown, including Michigan, amounts to more than 208,930 square miles!

Of course, when you owned the land, you also owned ev­erything else in, on, and under it; this included, coal, minerals, ores, copper, gold, etc. It was the race to get all this "free land" that sparked the great building boom, the so-called "American Industrial Revolution" which was to end with the Civil War.

Hundreds of small privately organized companies sprang up to take advantage of this new means of transportation. Millions of Dollars were won and lost in the gambling in stocks, bonds and shares of these companies in their individual efforts to cash in on the new opportunities afforded by the railroads.

Almost every railroad company which was formed before the American Civil War was created by an Act of the Congress of the particular state in which it was to run, and the Act usually created the railroad company as a Body Politic and Corporate, under the laws of that particular state.

Needless to say, the respective Congress offered the privilege of ownership of these railroad companies only to those busi­nessmen who were men of substance, integrity, means, and in­fluence in their respective state congresses. The ownership of any railroad was considered to be the ultimate responsibility, and one which could not be taken lightly.

After incorporation, the new railroad company exchanged preferred shares for assets transferred to it from its primary stockholders and owners and the company sold its common stock to raise capital to operate. Thus it became a mark of im­portance as to which type of stock certificate you owned. If it was a certificate for preferred stock, it denoted that you were one of the owners. If you held certificate number one (1) you were the primary and most important owner.

Although it is trumpeted throughout the history books that the railroad companies were granted all this land, such a report is, for the most part, inaccurate. True, the land was granted to the states, for those states to turn over the same land to the railroad companies as promised. It was granted to the proper railroad company each time twenty miles of railroad had been con­structed, but the railroad construction companies got it, not the railroad companies.

THE RAILROAD CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES
No railroad company could even hope to raise either enough capital, or enough expertise to build the railroad lines itself; building the lines required vast resources in men and materials so the newly formed railroad company would contract for the help of one the very few railroad construction companies then in existence.

Generally speaking, the newly formed railroad company would not have enough money to pay its construction company, but it would be getting the land from Congress when the line was built, so the Company had no choice but to mortgage the land it had been promised from Congress to its construction company, which then built the railroad lines. Once the line was built, title to the land was retained by the Trustee of the mort­gage, the railroad company would then sell its common shares to the general public and use that money to buy its rolling stock: engines, carriages, flat cars, etc., and only then could it begin to run the railroad. After a while it might make some money, from which it would pay off the mortgage and eventually get title back to the land. If, for whatever reason, the new railroad company failed to pay off its mortgage, the construction com­pany would claim the land by default.

It is usual in business to expect the "lag time" before the company begins to operate
at a profit and this time had to be taken into account and allowed for by the construction compa­nies.

With just a few railroad construction companies in existence the competition was fierce and the money from the railroad companies, initially, came in very slowly. The workers on the huge railroad construction gangs were paid in gold and silver coins--not paper money, so only the construction companies with vast resources to support them (usually gold and silver mines) survived the early years.

The construction of the railroads continued at a furious pace, with almost all the companies mortgaging their future land holding to the construction companies, with the end result that, by 1860, almost every railroad company in existence held its land under mortgage to the railroad construction companies.

By virtue of those economics, and the circumstances sur­rounding them, and the simple fact that, (a) its owners also owned the biggest share of the most productive gold mines east of the Mississippi, (b) the same family also owned the steel rolling mills in Lincolnton, North Carolina, which made the rails and other steel products for the railroad construction companies and the railroad companies, (c) the same family also owned the majority of the land in which coal, for fueling the steel mills, was found, (d) the iron ore for the same steel mills also came from family land and, last but not least, (e) that all these facilities and resources had direct rail links with just about every railroad in existence; by 1861 the Rutherfordton Railroad Construction Company of Rutherfordton, North Carolina, emerged
as the predominant and most important builder of the railroads.

RAILROAD DEVELOPMENT
The new technology of railroads sparked the biggest devel­opment boom the 1800s had ever seen. The railroads created towns and communities in places otherwise undreamed of.

The developmental process was swift and usually adopted the same pattern: The railroad company, having built a stretch of track, in some cases several hundred miles in length, needed water for the steam engines, so, at various places along its track, the railroad company drilled or dug one or more wells and erected a water tower at which the train would thereafter stop and fill up with water.

A few more facilities than the water tower were needed for the discerning traveler so, in a relatively short time, around each water tower where the train stopped a small community sprang up. First, usually, the company, upon the realization of moder­ate profits, and should the passengers wish to alight from the train, built a platform and station house. The passengers also needed to eat, so a restaurant arrived, usually run by the railroad company itself, or by a contractor or Trustee, and supplied by the local farmers and commodity producers. Eventually the local producers realized they could use the railroad to send their products to market further away, where they could sell it for more money, so stockyards, a blacksmith, a livery stable and other ancillary businesses sprang up. The railroad company would "import" other goods, usually selling them to the locals through its own general store, and eventually a whole town ap­peared around the water tower. Of course the water tower also supplied this new town with water, thus becoming the water company. Travelers needed to rest and have somewhere to conduct their business, and they also needed some way to trans­act their financial business, so the railroad company charters were written to contain the ability for the company to erect hotel facilities and, more importantly, "depository institutions", better known today as banks.

On April 12th, 1861, Fort Sumter in South Carolina came under attack, heralding the beginning of the Civil War, and with that event the development of the railroad system of the United States came to an abrupt halt.

Included in this chapter are maps that show the early rail­roads which were in existence at that time. The railroad most important for our purposes from this time, the Wilmington Charlotte and Rutherford Railroad, extends northward from Wilmington, North Carolina to the crossroads at Goldsboro, then easterly to Raleigh, then onwards around the top of the crescent to Charlotte, then on eastwards into Rutherford County.