PJ 15
CHAPTER 3

REC #1 HATONN

THURSDAY, MAY 17, 1990 9:00 A.M. YEAR 3 DAY 274
Hatonn present in the Light of the Radiant One. We will continue with our work on the outlay of the Constitution of the United States of America.

In advance I ask that you readers do homework and get confirmation of that which we discuss for your Constitution is the very foundation upon which freedom is based. It is all but gone as written. There are far more interesting subjects---but NONE so important to you as a people. "When" this and that will happen pales in comparison to that which will befall you if you do not put into restraint that which is planned and occurring to your Constitution. When we finish the Constitution (as written) and the New states Constitution (as re­written), we will move on to the Zionists intention to control your world through their "PROTOCOLS". And, then dear ones, we shall return to the survival of the remnant and "how" we get through these changing times and that which to look for.

All of you are awaiting the wondrous projections of Little Crow and the SACRED HILL WITHIN. They will come in proper sequence. We must first outline that which has been brought against you as a people for you have now been raped just as were the beauteous Indians in the early days of your country. They had no recourse until it was far too late to change of it. How long will you wait? They originally loved you and welcomed you as the white and colored men of the far away places and you consumed them and desecrated their lands. THAT WHICH IS PUT FORTH ALWAYS RETURNS! ALWAYS!

Always the Great Spirit has sent his teachers of The Creation to dwell upon his creations to tend of his living planets and teach harmony and balance with all things. The human comes and destroys and pillages and always, in the ending, the "native" ancients must come forth again to show you the way and nurture the gift of a planet's life for the ancient truth bearers will always have a few who are sent forth with the "memories" of how it IS. But first, you must know how it has "become" that you might see the reasons for the required changes lest you perish

As the axis of a planet changes there is chaos created beyond that of social circumstance. You have lived in a cycle in which all that was without moved within. Now, to change of the circumstance, all that is within must come without. You have the ambiguous situation of opposites--a complete reversal of that which appears to be. That which is visualized as reality, is in fact, the illusion and the reality of dimension and experience is the unseen. Hu­mankind on Earth has forgotten and he learns most slowly indeed. So be it.

It is now the time of coming back into the fold of God and The Creation and move again into the following of the Laws thereof. It is a time of recalling your Constitution and casting out of the destroyers thereof. You have allowed the very evil which will totally destroy you within the very fiber of your beingness. Were there errors in your original Constitution?--of course. Your founding fathers did not write in, intentionally, bigotry or mass incarceration of the Indian, but early interpretations thereof caused it to occur, none-the­-less. You have written "freedom" out of your laws in favor of enslavement--and YOU have done it, my friends. Do not blame your brother--YOU ALLOWED OF IT! NOW, IF IT IS TO BE BROUGHT INTO PROPER­NESS--YOU WILL DO OF IT!

You can have a rule of thumb for judging that which they tell you and that which they do unto you from the governmental and military halls of injustice.

For example, they will tell you that defense spending is dropping; that military actions are lessening and that somehow you are "preparing for a world fight for ecology and peace"--the big B-word, my friends.

Let me quote just a couple of items from your own news within the past couple of days--oh, it doesn't make your media news nor is it put forth on your front pages and when it is, it is offered as "good" news and encouragement for the economy.

WALL STREET JOURNAL 5/16/90 (YESTERDAY). Also carried in the local papers:

FUTURISTIC: The Pentagon on Tuesday unveiled drawings of prototypes of the Advanced Tactical Fighter, a futuristic aircraft with a $63.5 BILLION price tag designed to replace the F-15 fighter jet. Drawings (and there were two) show two versions of the single seat, twin-engine craft. The plane will use "stealth" technology to evade radar and cruise at supersonic speeds without using afterburners, known as "supercruise". (Hatonn: And I believe they tell you that you need no shelters for you won't have a war??? Then why would you need these planes???)

- - - - the plane , called the Advanced Tactical Fighter, is designed to be the first U.S. dog fighter to carry missiles entirely inside its fuselage - - .

(Ah ha) The Pentagon said it already has spent about $2.8 billion to develop a pair of ATF prototypes. Two teams of contractors have invested another $1.2 billion.

One of the teams, led by Lockheed Corp., includes Boeing Co. and General Dynamic Corp. and McDonnell Douglas Corp.

Ok and so what! Well, what about these other little back page items in the Wall Street Journal, 5/14/90:

Hughes Georgia Inc., a unit of General Motors Corp. (how many knew that?) received a $194 million Air Force contract for Maverick missiles and parts.

General Dynamics Corp. was awarded a $63.3 million Air Force contract for support of F-16 aircraft and Atlas II - - - .

Olin Corp. won a $51 million contract for Navy 20-millimeter ammunition and Army small-arms propellant.

Aerojet General Corp. got a $16.1 million Air Force contract for MX missile rockets.

United Technologies Corp. received a $15.1 million Army contract for Uh-601 helicopters.

WALL STREET JOURNAL, 5/15/90:

Lockheed Missiles and Space Co. received a $971 million contract from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to oversee design and development of new generation rocket motors - - -

Hughes Aircraft Co., a unit of General Motors Corp., was given a $77 million Air Force contract to build a North Atlantic Treaty Organization air defense system for Iceland.

Unisys Corp. won a $25.8 million Navy contract for submarine navigation equipment.

Pan Am World Services Inc., a unit of Pan Am Corp., received a $12.6 million Air Force contract for support of the Eastern Space and Missile Center.

And on and on it goes. You might ask, "But how can companies that are now barred from even bidding on government jobs for massive 'rip-offs' be getting contracts?" I thought you would never ask! By allowing one "corporation" to die and birthing a nice new one to bid. I certainly hope all you good business men in my troops are taking lessons--not for corruption but rather as to how to do business in Satan's world using his own tools to get to his vulnerable spots.

I would also like to point out another couple of items: In the same paper of May 14 it says, "The nation's rural poor are going hungry because food-stamp benefits aren't enough to cover higher food costs in impoverished rural counties - - -." Does this not touch your heart?

And, while you pay off hundreds of billions of dollars to "bail-out" the S&Ls because of the mismanagement and junk bond portfolios, you get the following: WALL STREET JOURNAL 5/15/90: "AMID THE RUBBLE OF THE BATTERED JUNK-BOND MARKET, SOME POWERFUL NEW PLAYERS ARE STIRRING: THE MAJOR BANKS.

"Using bank's newly won powers to underwrite corporate bonds, Citicorp, J.P. Morgan & Co and Bankers Trust New York Corp. have all established groups specializing in sales and trading of high-risk, high-yield junk bonds. And First Chicago Corp. has just begun staffing up for a junk-bond effort - - - - - -."

Do you see the correlation? These are the top Conspiracy banks, my friends! And, by the way, Mr. Robert Bartley, Editor, THE WALL STREET JOURNAL is a prominent member of the Movers and Shakers of the Trilateral Commission. I knew you knew that.

Here is just a little side blast by your government at Japan: "Japanese Prime Minister Toshiki Kaifu said his nation would maintain a ban on rice imports to protect domestic growers despite U.S. demands for improved market access. `Rice and rice cultivation have a special significance for our country and in light of this we will continue to adhere to the basic policy of self-sufficiency,' Mr. Kaifu told legislators. Japanese consumers pay up to six times world prices for domestic rice as the government props up inefficient rice producers with substantial subsidies."

Now isn't that just awful? Well read on from the same day's paper and see if you can spot any similarities: "WALL STREET JOURNAL, 5/14/90: "Brach's Candy Co. said the Commerce Department rejected its request to have the company's Chicago plant designated a Foreign Trading Zone.

"The refusal by the department's Foreign Trade Zones Board means that the candy manufacturer--owned by Switzerland's Jacobs Suchard AG--won't be allowed to import sugar at world prices, but must instead continue to buy the essential ingredient under import quotas that boost its annual costs by about $20 million.

"- - - - - if it didn't get the relief it sought it might close the aging Chicago plant--an island of high-paying, unionized production jobs in the midst of the city's blighted West Side--and shift the about 3,400 jobs to either Mexico or Canada. - - - -"

Oh yes, just one paper is material for dozens of Express writings. Note another tid-bit on one page on the 15th: "CIBA-GEIGY LTD. TO DEVELOP ALLERGY TREATMENT PRODUCTS." And on the adjacent page: "Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. said it received two contracts valued at $79 million from Ciba-Geigy Corp. to design and construct a dyestuff manufacturing facility and a chemical plant in St. Gabriel, La.

"Ciba-Geigy Corp. is the U.S. unit of Swiss-based Ciba-Geigy Ltd., a maker of agricultural chemicals, dyestuffs, and other products - - -." And further, what do you think causes the most allergies? Right on! Dyes, pesticides, etc. Who do you think might also be high ranking in the Councils of Foreign Relations? See, the game gets to be more and more fun, does it not? Now try the Trilateral Commission and the Bilderbergers.

And one last distraction from the same edition says that Bush backs getting a base on Mars in 30 years. Dear ones, there was a base on Mars over 30 years ago! Then in a fashion unlike anything else, the government issued the following suggestions to prevent deliberate terrorist attacks on airliners: 'The presidential panel made dozens of recommendations to counter the terrorist threat, including: the establishment of a new supervisory office-assistant secretary for security and intelligence--within the Transportation Department; increased importance for the security operation within the FAA; and the assigning of federal security managers with direct access to FAA chiefs at major international and domestic airports. The panel also urged the gov­ernment to alert passengers to credible threats and to establish criteria for when passengers should be notified ." So be it!

I apologize for this long and tedious delay, Dharma, but our brothers must begin to see the generalizations and read those back pages--for guess what the front page read: "DESPITE HIS SUCCESSES, BAKER'S CRITICS SAY HE LACKS A BROAD STRATEGY", "ATTEMPTS TO RESTORE THE CARIBOU FALTER IN THE MAIN WOODS", "U.S. FOOD FIRMS FIND EUROPE'S HUGE MARKET HARDLY A PIECE OF CAKE" and "CAR MAGAZINE WRITERS SOMETIMES MOONLIGHT FOR FIRMS THEY REVIEW".

NOW, BACK TO WHERE WE LEFT OFF WITH YOUR

CONSTITUTION

Section 10. Powers Denied to the States

a. No State shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confederation; grant letters of marque and reprisal; coin money; emit bills of credit; make any thing but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts; pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts, or grant any title of nobility.

*[The framers had lived through the disaster of the Continental dollar. Today's fiscal conservatives argue that this country's economic problems are a direct con­sequence of the Supreme Court's failure to uphold the monetary provisions of the Constitution. Well all of your problems are from failure to uphold the Constitu­tion. The ex post facto law was a provision aimed at the welter of state laws favoring debtors over creditors.]

b. No State shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any imposts or duties on imports or exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspection laws; and the net produce of all duties and imposts, laid by any State on imports or exports, shall be for the use of the treasury of the United States; and all such laws shall be subject to the revision and control of the Congress.

c. No State shall, without the consent of Congress, lay any duty of tonnage, keep troops, or ships of war in time of peace, enter into any agreement or compact with another State, or with a foreign power, or engage in war, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent danger as will not admit of delay. *[The state militia was to bear the brunt until Congress could act. During Washington's two-term Presidency, the U.S. army grew from 840 men to 7,108 men, as an example--how many men do you think you have now?]

*[The First Congress represented you people beyond your best hopes. It organized the three branches of government, regulated foreign commerce, created a national bank and the national judiciary system, admitted the states of Vermont and Kentucky, initiated the Constitutional amendment process, established the census, funded the national debt, and dealt with petitions for increased tariffs on imported mustard, paint, cordage, cotton clothes and on and on. What do you have now? Bills presented to the president which cannot be line vetoed of things lumping such things as a pork-barrel requests with aid to Panama--one having nothing what-so-ever to do with the other and yet action cannot be taken on one without the other passing or failing also. "You've come a long way, Baby" I believe is a slogan of sorts. But it hasn't been good!]

ARTICLE 2

EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT

Section 1. President and Vice President.

a. Term of office. The executive power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He shall hold his office during the term of four years, and together with the Vice President, chosen for the same term, be elected as follows;

b. Electors. Each State shall appoint, in such manner as the legislature thereof may direct, a number of electors, equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress; but no Senator or Representative, or person holding an office of trust or profit under the United States, shall be appointed an elector.

Former method of electing. President and Vice President.
*[Superseded by the 12th Amendment.] The electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by ballot for two persons, of whom one at least shall not be an inhabitant of the same State with themselves. And they shall make a list of all the persons voted for, and of the number of votes for each; which list they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of govern­ment of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The Presi­dent of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Rep­resentatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be counted. The person having the greatest number of votes shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed; and if there be more than one who have such majority, and have an equal number of votes, then the House of Representatives shall immediately choose by ballot one of them for President; and if no person have a majority, then from the five highest on the list the said house shall in like manner choose the President. But in choosing the President the votes shall be taken by States, the representation from each State having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the States, and a majority of all the States shall be necessary to a choice. In every case, after the choice of the President, the person having the greatest number of votes of the electors shall be the Vice President. But if there should remain two or more who have equal votes, the Senate shall choose from them by ballot the Vice President. *[Boy, that one really got a bashing by the acute wisdom of a rewriting of that section by amendment no. 12! But this is how total deterioration begins.]

c. Time of elections. The Congress may determine the time of choosing the electors, and the day on which they shall give their votes; which day shall be the same throughout the United States.

d. Qualifications of the President. No person except a natural born citizen, or a citizen of the United States, at the time of the adoption of this Constitu­tion, shall be eligible to the office of President; neither shall any person be eligible to that office who shall not have attained to the age of thirty-five years, *[That is about as specific as you can get--35 years of age; not merely requiring "maturity" or "adequate age"] and been fourteen years a resident within the United States.

e. Vacancy. *[This Clause has been affected by the 25th Amendment.] In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death, resignation, or inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, the same shall devolve on the Vice President, and the Congress may by law provide for the case of removal, death, resignation, or inability, both of the President and Vice President, declaring what officer shall then act as President, and such officer shall act accordingly, until the disability be removed, or a President shall be elected.

f. The President's salary. The President shall, at stated times, receive for his services, a compensation, which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that period any other emolument from the United States, or any of them.

g. Oath of office. Before he enters on the execution of his office, he shall take the following oath or affirmation: -- "I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States." *[Do you think the founding fathers might be squirming in their graves?]

Section 2. Powers of the President.

a. Military powers; reprieves and pardons. The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the militia of the several States, when called into the actual service of the United States; he may require *[This led to the Presidential cabinet. It was referred to a "privy council'. This, however, also became obsolete for power as the Presidents have moved on to utilizing input directly from their "advisors" such as Kissinger, etc., who are not even connected to the governing bodies.] the opinion, in writing, of the principal officer in each of the executive departments [the ONE explicit reference to bureaucracy.] upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices, and he shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons for offences against the United States, except in cases of impeach­ment. [Boy, that was a close one with Nixon, don't you think?]

b. Treaties; appointments. He shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to make treaties, provided two-thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, and by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall appoint ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, judges of the Supreme Court, and all other officers of the United States, whose appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by law: but the Congress may by law vest the appointment of such inferior officers as they think proper, in the President alone, in the courts of law, or in the heads of departments.

c. Filling vacancies. The President shall have power to fill up all vacancies that may happen during the recess of the Senate, by granting commissions which shall expire at the end of their next session.

Section 3. Duties of the President.

He shall from time to time give to the Congress information of the state of the Union, and recommend to their consideration such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient; he may, on extraordinary occasions, convene both houses, or either of them, and in case of disagreement between them with respect to the time of adjournment, he may adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper; he shall receive ambassadors and other public ministers; he shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed, and shall commission all the officers of the United States. *[Well, I would say that lie does a very good job of "executing" the laws.]

Section 4. Impeachment.

The President, Vice President and all civil officers of the United States shall be removed from office on impeachment for, and conviction of, treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors. *[The last several of your Presidents have been guilty of all--why do you not do something lawfully written to get rid of them?]

* * * * * * * *
Dharma, we didn't get very far but it has been too long a session without break. Let us leave this and return after a bit of rest.

By the way, "Saalome" is a Pleiadian greeting and farewell. I note use of that term yesterday brought an urge to change of spelling--no, it is valid. So, Saalome.

Hatonn to clear. Please let me know when you are ready to continue and we shall effort at keeping to the subject more carefully. Thank you.
PJ 15
CHAPTER 4
REC #2 HATONN
THURSDAY, MAY 17, 1990 1:45 P.M. YEAR 3 DAY 274

ARTICLE 3
JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT

Section 1. The Federal Courts.

The judicial power of the United States shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The judges, both of the Supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behavior, and shall, at stated times, receive for their services, a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their con­tinuance in office.

Section 2. Jurisdiction of the Federal Courts.

a. Federal courts in general. The judicial power shall extend to all cases, in law and equity, arising under this Constitution, the laws of the United States, and treaties made or which shall be made, under their authority;--to all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls;--to all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction;--to controversies to which the United States shall be a party;--to controversies between two or more States;--be­tween a State and citizens of another State;--between citizens of different States;--between citizens of the same State claiming lands under grants of different States, and between a State, or the citizens thereof, and foreign states, citizens or subjects. *[Parts of this section were altered by the 11th Amendment.]

b. Supreme Court. In all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, and those in which a State shall be a party, the Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction. In all the other cases before mentioned, the Supreme Court shall have appellate jurisdiction, both as to law and fact, with such exceptions, and under such regulations as the Congress shall make.

c. Rules respecting trials. The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, shall be by jury; and such trial shall be held in the State where the said crimes shall have been committed; but when not committed within any State, the trial shall be at such place or places as the Congress may by law have directed.

Section 3. Treason. *[The only crime defined in the Constitution. Talking or thinking about committing a treasonable act is not considered treason in the U.S.--YET!]

a. Definition of treason. Treason against the United States shall consist only in levying war against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on confession in open court.

b. Punishment of treason. The Congress shall have power to declare the punishment of treason, but no attainder of treason shall work corruption of blood, *[The next generation will not be penalized.] or forfeiture except during the life of the person attainted.

ARTICLE 4

THE STATES AND THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT

Section 1. State Records.

Full faith and credit shall be given in each State to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other State. *[Acts required of the states and drawn from the Articles of Confederation.] And the Congress may by general laws prescribe the manner in which such acts, records, and proceedings shall be proved, and the effect thereof.

Section 2. Privileges and Immunities of Citizens.

a. Privileges. The citizens of each State shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States.

b. Extradition. A person charged in any State with treason, felony, or other crime, who shall flee from justice, and be found in another State, shall, on de­mand of the executive authority of the State from which he fled be delivered up, to be removed to the State having jurisdiction of the crime.

c. Fugitive workers. No person held to service or labor in one State, under the laws thereof, escaping into another shall in consequence of any law or regulation herein, be discharged from such service or labor, but shall be delivered up on claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due. *[Superseded by the 13th Amenthnent. In 1857, Chief Justice Roger Brooke Taney declared that blacks were not people but "articles of merchandise." He invalidated the Missouri Compromise and made the Civil War all but inevitable. The fugitive slave clause, a Southern proposal, was not sanctioned under the Articles of Confederation. It was part of the historic Northwest Ordinance. But by 1860, slavery had become a national institution, legal wherever not forbidden by state law, and it had considerable Federal protection. Oh yes indeed, the laws had flaws and herein lies the irony--and further, by "voting-in" a thing does not make it so. Declaring the blacks to not be "people" made them no less people; nor the Indians nor, nor, nor.]

Section 3. New States and Territories.

a. Admission of new States. New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union; but no new State shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other State; nor any State be formed by the junction of two or more States, or parts of States, without the consent of the legislatures of the States concerned, as well as of the Congress.

b. Power of Congress over territory and property. The Congress shall have power to dispose of and make all needful rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property belonging to the United States; and nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to prejudice any claims of the United States, or of any particular State. *[Please note the separation of the United States and any particular State". This is important when you get to the income tax laws, IRS, etc. If you reside in a "state" you are a citizen of that State--you are not a citizen of the United States as such. If this were true, the Constitution would have to read United State's citizen. It does not!]

Section 4. Guarantees to the States.

The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a republican form of government, *[No action has ever been taken under this clause.] and shall protect each of them against invasion; and on application of the legislature or of the executive (when the legislature cannot be convened) against domestic violence.

ARTICLE 5

METHOD OF AMENDMENT

The congress, whenever two-thirds of both houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose amendments to this Constitution, or, on the application of the legislatures of two-thirds of the several States, shall call a convention for proposing amendments, which, in either case shall be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of this Constitution, when ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States, or by conventions in three-fourths thereof, as the one or the other mode of ratification may be proposed by the Congress; provided that no amendments which may be made prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any manner affect the first and fourth clauses in the ninth section of the first article, and that no State, with­out its consent, shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate. *[The only amendment that can't be proposed. The clause was adopted to head off concern that three-fourths of the states might be brought to do things fatal to particular states, such as abolishing them altogether or depriving them of their equality in the Senate.]

ARTICLE 6 *[This is counterbalanced by the 10th Amendment.]

GENERAL PROVISIONS

a. Public debt. All debts contracted and engagements entered into, before the adoption of this Constitution, shall be as valid against the United States under this Constitution, as under the Confederation. *[This was introduced by the mercurial Governor Edmund Randolph; it's been disclaimed by some as "legal robbery, such as the history of civilized nations can scarcely produce a parallel to." Pierce Butler (S.C.) was concerned that redemption of government paper at face value would succor the "bloodsuckers who had speculated on the distresses of others. . ." The question of full or partial redemption was left unresolved.]

b. Supremacy of the Constitution. This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be made in pursuance thereof; and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the land; *[The important clause, lifted from the magna Carta, was prompted by Congress' demand that states repeal laws violating the Treaty of Paris. States cannot pass laws contrary to the Constitution. The principle of Federal supremacy was tested in the Whiskey Rebellion (1794), and again in South Carolina's Ordinance of Nullification (1832) declaring void the Tariff Acts of 1828, and again of course in the Civil War.]

c. Oath of office, no religious test *[Adopted unanimously by the delegates, though 11 of the states had a religious qualification for state representatives. Many also required voters to own property and office holders to be well off. Nowhere does the Constitution actually speak of separation of church and state. That there was no religious test provided ample ammunition for anti-Constitu­tionalists during the ratification process. God is not mentioned anywhere in the Constitution (but IS in the Declaration of Independence).] shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under the United States.

ARTICLE 7

RATIFICATION OF THE CONSTITUTION

The ratification of the conventions of nine States shall be sufficient for the establishment of this Constitution between the States so ratifying the same.

Done in Convention by the unanimous consent of the States present the Seventeenth Day of September in the Year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty seven and of the Independence of the United States of America the Twelfth. In Witness whereof We have hereunto subscribed our Names.


G. Washington
President and deputy from Virginia

New Hampshire Delaware
John Langdon Geo. Read
Nicholas Gilman John Dickinson
Jaco. Broom
Gunning Bedford Jr.
Richard Bassett

Massachusetts
Nathaniel Gorham
Rufus King

Connecticut Maryland
Wm. Saml Johnson James McHenry
Roger Sherman Danl. Carroll
Dan: of St. Thos. Jenifer

New York Virginia
Alexander Hamilton John Blair
James Madison Jr.

New Jersey North Carolina
Wil. Livingston Wm. Blount
David Brearley Hu Williamson
Wm. Paterson Richd. Dobbs Spaight
Jona: Dayton

Pennsylvania South Carolina
B. Franklin J. Rutledge
Robt Morris Charles Pinckney
Thos. FitzSimons Charles C. Pinckney
James Wilson Pierce butler
Thomas Mifflin
Geo. Clymer Georgia
Jared Ingersoll William Few
Gouv Morris Abr. Baldwin

Attest:
William Jackson, Secretary

IN CONVENTION MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 17TH, 1787.

Resolved,
That the preceding Constitution be laid before the United States in Congress assembled, and that it is the Opinion of this Convention, that it should afterwards be submitted to a Convention of Delegates, chosen in each State by the People thereof, under the Recommendation of its Legislature, for their Assent and Ratification; and that each Convention assenting to, and ratifying the Same, should give Notice thereof to the United States in Congress assembled.

Resolved, That it is the Opinion of this Convention, that as soon as the Conventions of nine States shall have ratified this Constitution, the United States in Congress assembled should fix a Day on which Electors should be appointed by the States which shall have ratified the same and a Day on which the Electors should assemble to vote for the President, and the Time and Place for commencing Proceedings under this Constitution. . .By the Unanimous Order of the Convention. *[Congress was not asked for its approval of the proposed Constitution, and didn't give it, but if Congress had decided not to send the Constitution to the states, there wasn't much its framers could have done. Ratification would be decided by "We the People" in convention state by state rather than by potentially hostile state legislatures, whose powers would be clipped by the Constitution. Just after the convention, James Madison said that "the document would neither effectually answer its national object nor prevent the local mischiefs which everywhere excite disgusts against state governments. "]

About 10,000 amendments have been introduced in Congress. Thirty-three were formalized and sent to the states for ratification. The seven not adopted by the necessary three-fourths of the states include two amendments in the First Congress' package of a dozen. The ten that were adopted are called, collectively, the Bill of Rights.

Perhaps you should be reminded of the seven that were not ratified.

1789: concerning the ratio of members in the House of Representatives.
1789: concerning compensation to members of Congress.
1810: concerning the abrogation of citizenship for accepting gifts or titles of nobility from a foreign power without the consent of Congress. It missed adoption by only one state.
1861: concerning non-Congressional interference in slavery. Offered to head off the Civil War, it was adopted by only two states. It was the first proposed amendment signed by a President (Buchanan) before distribution to the states. (Just before he was murdered, President Lincoln signed the proposed Thirteenth Amendment.)
1924: concerning the labor of persons under 18 years of age. It was opposed by manufacturing associations and some religious groups.
1972: concerning equality of rights regardless of gender. E.R.A. fell three(34 states short of adoption.
1978: concerning representation of the District of Columbia in the House and Senate. D.C. has a population larger than do four of the states. This one will continue to come up.

Three new proposals for amendments that are arousing interest would require: a balanced Federal budget; a four-year term for Representatives to coincide with the Presidential term; and modification of the treaty re­quirement, possibly to a straight majority decision. Then, of course, you are aware of the effort of Mr. Bush to cause an amendment to ban flag burning.

Dharma, allow us to leave this now. We will continue with the Bill of Rights.

Thank you for your service. I shall now move to stand-by that you might close this portion. Good-day.